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Pierce Four
The Pierce Four was the first four-cylinder motorcycle produced in the United States.〔Hodgdon 1976, p. 27〕〔Dumitrache 2011〕〔Clayton 2008〕 The model is included in the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame Classic Bikes〔Motorcycle Hall of Fame 2010〕 and Barber Vintage Motorsports Museum. Touting its inline-four engine as "vibrationless", Pierce sold the motorcycle for $325,〔Silverman 2013〕 rising to $400 by 1913, which was expensive at the time, making it popular with "more prosperous sportsmen".〔Hodgdon 1976, p. 34〕
==Development and design==
Percy Pierce, president of The Pierce Motorcycle Company, created as a subsidiary of Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company, had acquired a European 1908 FN Four and brought it to America to disassemble and study.〔Edwards 1997, p. 43〕 The company's engineering team used it as a "reference" for at least part of the two years they took to develop the Pierce Four.〔〔de Cet (2002, p. 360) states that Pierce "did not copy" the FN Four but "its influence...was apparent".〕 The results were innovative, with a stressed member engine and shaft drive,〔 and a frame that both hid the control cables and held oil and gasoline internally.〔Clayton (2008) states that fuel was carried in the top tube and seat tube. Oil was carried in the down tube.〕〔Motorcycle Hall of Fame states that (steel?) tubes were internally coated with copper.〕 The large diameter tubing is said to have increased strength and reduced parts count for less expensive manufacturing.〔d'Orléans 2013〕 Unlike FN's engine, the Pierce had a T-head, and cam-driven intake valves rather than automatic (opened by atmospheric pressure).〔
Early models had no clutch and fixed gearing, like the competing FN Four, but this was soon corrected in 1910 when a two-speed transmission was fitted.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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